◆ Rat, mouse [gavage, intraperitoneal injection, intravenous injection (bolus, infusion), subcutaneous/intradermal injection, intramuscular injection]

◆ Beagle dog [gavage, capsule/tablet (oral), intravenous injection (bolus, infusion), subcutaneous/intradermal injection, intramuscular injection]

◆ Rhesus/cynomolgus monkey [gavage, capsule/tablet (oral), intravenous injection (bolus, infusion), subcutaneous/intradermal injection, intramuscular injection]

◆ Minipig [gavage, capsule/tablet (oral), intravenous injection (bolus, infusion), subcutaneous/intradermal injection, intramuscular injection, transdermal administration]

◆ Rabbit [gavage, intravenous injection (bolus, infusion), subcutaneous/intradermal injection, intramuscular injection, transdermal administration]

◆ Intraocular administration (drops, intraconjunctival, retrobulbar, anterior chamber, subretinal, suprachoroidal)

◆ Intranasal administration (drops, spray)

◆ Skin and mucosa

◆ Vaginal and rectal administration

◆ Intravesical administration

◆ Intrathecal administratio

◆ Intracavitary administration (intracranial, intra-articular, intratumoural)

◆ Surgery for implants

◆ Inhalation administration (oral and nasal exposure systems)

◆ Blood sampling: Rat and mouse: fundus/sinus vein, tail vein, jugular vein, heart, abdominal aorta/ vein. Rabbit: marginal ear vein, heart, inguinal artery/vein. Beagle dog and monkey: veins of limbs, inguinal artery/vein. Minipig: precaval vein

◆ Urine and fecal sampling via metabolic cage

◆ Tissue sampling (paraffin, frozen, special handling etc.)

◆ In vivo collection techniques: Aqueous humor collection (rat, rabbit, dog, monkey); cerebrospinal fluid collection (rat, dog, monkey); liver biopsy (rat, dog, monkey); bone marrow aspiration (dog, monkey, pig)